SKF Bearing Lubricant Viscosity Parameters Application Notes

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Viscosity is a critical property of lubricants, especially for SKF bearings. It refers to the internal resistance of a fluid when it flows, and it plays a vital role in reducing friction between moving parts. Proper viscosity ensures that the lubricant can form a protective film between surfaces, preventing wear and extending the life of mechanical components. The viscosity of SKF bearing lubricants typically decreases as temperature increases. This is why selecting the right viscosity grade is essential based on operating conditions. High viscosity can cause increased friction and energy loss, while too low viscosity may not provide sufficient protection. In China, the standard method for measuring kinematic viscosity is GB/T 265, which involves determining the time it takes for a specific volume of oil to flow through a calibrated capillary tube under gravity. In other countries, similar standards such as ASTM D445 (U.S.), DIN 51562 (Germany), and JIS K2283 (Japan) are used to evaluate lubricant performance. For certain applications like hydraulic fluids or gear oils, low-temperature viscosity is often measured using a Brookfield viscometer. Standards such as GB/T 11145, ASTM D2983, and DIN 51398 help ensure these products perform well in cold environments. It's important to choose the appropriate viscosity for your equipment. In high-speed and low-load conditions, a lower viscosity oil is preferred to reduce starting torque and improve efficiency. Conversely, in low-speed and high-load situations, a thicker oil may be necessary to maintain adequate oil film thickness. Using excessively viscous lubricants can lead to poor circulation, reduced cooling, and higher fuel consumption. It can also result in inadequate lubrication during continuous operation, increasing the risk of overheating and mechanical failure. Therefore, it’s advisable to select the lowest suitable viscosity that still provides effective lubrication under the given conditions. If the engine has larger clearances, a slightly thicker oil might be more appropriate.

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