Pneumatic diaphragm pumps are a modern type of conveying equipment that use compressed air as their power source. They operate by moving a flexible diaphragm back and forth within a cylinder, which allows the pump to transport various types of media efficiently. These pumps are widely used in industries where handling corrosive, granular, or hazardous fluids is necessary.
The materials used for the pump's construction vary depending on the application. The housing can be made from aluminum, cast iron, or stainless steel, while the diaphragms are typically composed of materials like NBR (nitrile rubber), neoprene, fluorinated rubber, or PTFE (Teflon) to ensure durability and compatibility with different substances.
The working principle involves two symmetrical chambers equipped with flexible diaphragms connected by a rod. Compressed air enters the pump through an inlet valve and drives the diaphragms to move in sync. As one chamber fills, the other discharges, and the valve automatically switches to reverse the process, enabling continuous and synchronized reciprocation.
Each chamber is fitted with check ball valves that open and close as the diaphragm moves, allowing the pump to suction and discharge liquid continuously. This design makes it ideal for handling a wide range of media, including sewage, chemicals, oils, sludge, and even highly toxic or volatile liquids.
Key features include a high suction lift (up to 7 meters) and a maximum head of 50 meters, with an outlet pressure of up to 6 kgf/cm². The pump can handle particles up to 10 mm in diameter and is known for its low wear, even when pumping abrasive materials. It offers stepless flow and pressure regulation, and since it has no rotating parts or shaft seals, it minimizes leakage risks and environmental contamination.
Because it operates on compressed air, it is safe for use in flammable or explosive environments. It can also be submerged in the medium, acting as a submersible pump. The pump is easy to start and stop simply by opening or closing the air valve, and it won't be damaged even if it runs dry or stops suddenly. Overload protection ensures automatic shutdown and restart once the issue is resolved.
With a simple structure and minimal wearing parts, it’s easy to install and maintain. The diaphragm separates the moving components from the pumped medium, reducing corrosion and wear. Additionally, it doesn’t require oil lubrication, making it suitable for long-term operation without maintenance issues. Overall, the pneumatic diaphragm pump is a reliable, versatile, and safe solution for many industrial applications.
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