China currently has 54 types of metal minerals with proven reserves, including iron ore, manganese ore, chromium ore, titanium ore, vanadium ore, copper ore, lead ore, zinc ore, bauxite, magnesium ore, nickel ore, cobalt ore, tungsten, tin, antimony, molybdenum, mercury, gold, silver, lithium, zirconium, rare earth elements, indium, cadmium, selenium, and more. These resources are spread across the country, with each region contributing to the national mineral supply. Below is an overview of the major metal mineral deposits.
Iron ore is one of the most significant, with over 1,800 mines nationwide. Major large-scale deposits include the Anshan-Benxi Iron Mine in Liaoning, the Yidong Iron Mine in Hebei, the Pingshuguan Mine in Shanxi, the Yitai Iron District in Shanxi, the Baotou Iron Mine in Inner Mongolia, the Luzhong Iron District in Shandong, and the Panzhihua Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite Mine in Sichuan.
Manganese ore deposits number around 213, with key locations such as the Wachang Manganese Mine in Liaoning, the Liancheng Manganese Mine in Fujian, and several others in Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Sichuan.
Chromite deposits are concentrated in areas like Xinjiang’s Salto Sea, Tibet’s Luobusa, Inner Mongolia’s Hegen Mountain, and Gansu’s Erji.
Copper deposits include sites such as Duobaoshan in Heilongjiang, Tongling in Anhui, Dexing in Jiangxi, and numerous others across China, especially in Yunnan and Tibet.
Bauxite is found in various regions, including Shanxi, Henan, Shandong, and Guangxi, with notable deposits like Kelu and Pingguo.
Lead-zinc deposits are widespread, with major sites in Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, and Yunnan, among other provinces.
Nickel deposits are mainly located in Jilin, Gansu, Xinjiang, Sichuan, and Yunnan.
Tungsten deposits are prominent in Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, and Guangdong, with well-known mines such as Xihuashan and Shizhuyuan.
Tin deposits include Dachang in Guangxi and Dongchuan in Yunnan.
Mercury and antimony ores are found in Guizhou, Hunan, and Guangxi, with key locations such as Wanshan and Wuchuan.
Gold deposits are widespread, with significant mines in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, and Xinjiang.
Silver deposits include sites in Shaanxi, Henan, Hubei, and Sichuan.
Rare earth elements are mainly found in Inner Mongolia (Bayan Obo), Shandong, Jiangxi, and Xinjiang.
These mineral resources play a crucial role in supporting China's industrial development and economic growth. The distribution of these deposits reflects the country's diverse geological conditions and rich natural endowment.
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