Correctly judge the symptoms of crop deficiency

Properly identifying nutrient deficiencies in crops and applying the right fertilizers at the right time is essential for improving both yield and quality. Recognizing symptoms early allows farmers to make timely interventions, ensuring healthier plants and better harvests. Below are the main signs of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium deficiencies in various crops. Nitrogen deficiency typically manifests as thin, short new shoots, small and erect leaves that appear grayish-green. The petioles, veins, and cortex may turn red. Flowering decreases, and fruits tend to drop prematurely. Roots become finer, with fewer large roots, and new roots may appear yellow, reducing the plant’s resistance to pests and drought. In soybeans, the deficiency starts from the lower leaves, which gradually lose color, turning pale green, then yellow, and sometimes showing bronze spots. Severe cases lead to stunted growth and leaf drop. Phosphorus deficiency affects different crops in distinct ways. In wheat, seedlings grow slowly, with underdeveloped root systems, reduced tillering, and purple stems. Leaves are dark green or slightly purple, and grain size is smaller, with lower 1000-grain weight. In maize, young plants grow slowly, and by the fifth leaf stage, leaves turn purplish, with small, curved cobs and poor kernel development. Soybean plants show dark green or black-green leaves, narrow and upright, with slow growth. In severe cases, stems may turn red, and brown spots can appear on leaves after flowering. In fruit trees, phosphorus deficiency leads to poor fruit quality, sparse and yellowish-brown leaves, and early leaf drop. Potassium deficiency is often seen as yellowing at the tips of lower leaves, progressing along the edges while the midrib and veins remain green. In severe cases, leaves turn yellow and their edges burn. Cereals show weaker tillering and soft, lodging-prone stems. Dicot leaves curl, shrink, and may break, though the center remains green. Root crops suffer from poor quality, and fruits ripen unevenly, with increased woodiness and a sour taste. By understanding these symptoms, farmers can make informed decisions about fertilization, leading to more productive and sustainable agriculture. Author: Changji Source: Hubei Agricultural News [Comment] [Print this article] [Close this page] [Large, medium, small]

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