The Effect of Model Selection of Electro-aluminum on Printing Quality of Bronzing

**China Aluminum Industry Network** Hot stamping is a critical process that ensures the quality of the final product. Currently, the production of hot stamping plates primarily relies on photo-etching and electronic engraving technologies. The most commonly used materials are copper or zinc plates. Copper plates are known for their fine texture, smooth surface, and better heat transfer properties compared to zinc plates. Using high-quality copper plates can enhance the gloss and clarity of the embossed graphics. Traditional photo-etching techniques simplify the plate-making process and reduce costs, making them suitable for text, thick lines, and general images. However, for finer details, uneven thickness, or intricate designs, second etching or electric carving methods are often required. Electric carving allows for more detailed and nuanced effects, expanding the visual potential in packaging. It’s also more environmentally friendly, but it requires significant investment in equipment and has limitations in depth control, which may lead to issues like "sticking" during hot stamping. Holographic anti-counterfeit hot stamping involves higher technical requirements. Previously, this was mainly produced in Taiwan or abroad, with long production cycles and limited use for large-volume products. Now, some manufacturers in Yuncheng, Beijing, and Shanghai have started producing these plates domestically. The selection of hot stamping equipment plays a vital role in determining the quality of the final result. There are three main types of hot stamping machines: flat pressing, round flat pressing, and round pressing. Flat pressing machines include models like the TYM series from Shanghai Yahua, the TYMl020 from Tangshan Yuyin Group, and the MK series from Tianjin Ever Machinery. These machines offer high speeds, up to 5,000 impressions per hour. On the other hand, round pressing machines, such as the German Stoll FOLLJETFBR104, are designed with offset press concepts and can reach up to 10,000 impressions per hour, making them ideal for high-speed single-sheet operations. Each type of machine has its advantages. Round presses provide line pressure, lower total force, and are efficient for large-area gilding. However, they require more complex processing of copper rolls, leading to higher costs. Flat presses are more flexible and suitable for short-run jobs. While domestic equipment offers good performance at a lower cost, imported machines like BOBST are still preferred by many for their precision, stability, and durability, especially in high-end packaging applications. Another important factor is the compatibility between the hot stamping material and the process parameters, such as temperature, pressure, and speed. Proper control of these factors significantly affects the quality of the final product. For example, if the printed surface is dusty or contains release agents, it can interfere with the adhesion of the electro-aluminum. Solutions include cleaning the surface or adjusting the printing process. The choice of electro-aluminum also matters—domestic brands like Shenyong's Peacock series, and international options like KURZ PM, Japan's A/K/H series, and South Korea's KO series are commonly used depending on the application. Issues like peeling, discoloration, or unclear outlines can occur due to improper temperature settings, poor installation of the foil, or incorrect pressure. Adjusting the temperature, using appropriate foils, and ensuring proper alignment can help resolve these problems. Additionally, the sequence of processes like lamination and hot stamping must be carefully managed to avoid damage to the aluminum layer. In summary, achieving high-quality hot stamping requires attention to both the quality of the plates and the precise control of process parameters. Hot stamping, also known as electro-gilding, uses heat transfer to apply an aluminum layer onto a substrate, creating a metallic finish. Electrochemical aluminum typically consists of layers including PE, separation coating, color layer, metal layer (aluminum), and adhesive. In the printing industry, it is widely used for paper-based hot stamping, and the term “bronzing” encompasses various metallic finishes, including gold, silver, laser gold, and more.

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