Processing straw by fermentation to feed sheep

The straw is transformed into nutrient-rich grass powder, which is highly favored by sheep and helps them gain weight efficiently. This method of processing straw into grass powder not only simplifies the process but also addresses the issue of storing fresh feed while significantly improving feed utilization. Here’s a detailed explanation of the technology. **First, raw materials**: Any non-toxic crop straw, along with by-products from grain and cotton processing, can be used as raw materials. It is important to ensure that the straw is dry before processing to maintain quality and efficiency. **Second, crushing**: The straw is crushed into a fine grass powder measuring 1-2 cm using a hammer mill. It's recommended to separate grasses like grasses from legumes to facilitate further processing and improve the nutritional balance of the final product. **Third, fermentation**: Mix the crushed grass powder and legume grass powder in a ratio of 3:1. Then, add warm water (30–40 degrees Celsius) to the mixture until it reaches the right moisture level—able to form a clump when squeezed by hand but easily broken apart. Place the mixture in a sheltered area, forming a square pile about 40 cm thick, and cover it with sacks. Once the internal temperature reaches 40–50 degrees Celsius and the material emits a mild koji-like aroma, the fermentation is complete. Save some of the fermented grass powder for the next batch to speed up the process. For every 100 kg of fermented grass powder, add 0.5–1 kg of salt and 0.5 kg of bone meal, along with 25–30 kg of cornmeal, wheat bran, soybean curd, carrots, or cooked sweet potatoes and potatoes. Mix everything thoroughly to create a highly nutritious feed. **Important feeding guidelines**: 1. Do not feed this grass powder to weaned lambs. Lambs over two months old should be introduced gradually, starting with small amounts. 2. Non-pregnant ewes should be fed using clean troughs and in smaller, more frequent portions to avoid overfeeding. 3. Fermented grass powder should be used within three months to prevent spoilage and loss of nutritional value. This technique not only improves feed efficiency but also provides a sustainable and cost-effective solution for livestock farmers, especially in areas where traditional feed sources are limited. By utilizing agricultural by-products, this method supports both animal health and environmental sustainability.

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