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According to foreign media reports, under normal circumstances, large-scale ovens and pressure cookers must be used in the production of composite products. However, thanks to the carbon nanotube film, the production process may soon become simpler, cheaper, and more energy-efficient. It is understood that composite materials are composed of multiple layers of structural materials, which are bonded together by resin or other matrix to form a solid.
Large parts made of this composite material must be heated in a huge oven to cure the resin, and in addition they must be subjected to huge pressure in a huge pressure cooker to squeeze out unwanted air gaps between the layers.
But a research team from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is studying ways to replace ovens and pressure cookers with thin films made of carbon nanotubes.
When a composite material is merged, there is a film between each layer of the film. Subsequently, when it is heated, the capillary action created by the tiny channels between the nanotubes creates a negative pressure and then pulls the layers of material together. As a result, any bubbles that may be present are squeezed out.
This microscope image shows how capillary pressure effectively removes air voids
In addition, once the desired shape is formed, a large film will wrap it. Under the action of electric current, the nanotubes in the film will heat up. This allows the entire sheet to radiate heat like an electric blanket, which can both trigger capillary pressure and cure the resin.
So far, researchers have successfully used this technique to make composite samples a few centimeters wide. They are now considering expanding the scale of this technology so that it can be used to manufacture aircraft components, wind turbine blades, gas pipelines and other products.
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