Study on application benefit of corn potassium fertilizer

To explore the effect of potassium fertilizer on increasing yield of corn, to solve the tendency of heavy nitrogen and phosphorus light potassium fertilizer, to promote corn balanced fertilization technology, to promote high yield of corn and increase farmers' economic income.
1. Materials and methods
1.1 The basic situation of the experimental site The experimental site is a light red soil homogeneous thick red tidal brown soil. The organic matter content of the plough layer is 1.383%, the total nitrogen is 0.073%, the alkali nitrogen is 80ppm, the available phosphorus is 8.9ppm, and the available potassium is 70ppm. Sowing on June 22, the variety Zhengdan 958 adopts a planting method with a large row spacing of 0.8 m, a small row spacing of 0.53 m and a plant spacing of 0.22 m, with 69,750 plants per hectare.
1.2 Treatment and design set 1N15 (CK) 2N15P7.5 3N15K15 4P7.5K15 5N15P7.5K15 five treatments. The area of ​​the plot is 53 square meters, which is randomly arranged and repeated 3 times.
1.3 Field management When planting corn, the depth of the ditch is 0.1-0.13m in the middle of the small row spacing. 70% of the nitrogen used in the experiment, all the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are concentrated in the ditch, and the shallow ditch is used to mix the loam and cover the soil. Then plant the ditch according to the broadcast. The nitrogen fertilizer area pursued the remaining 30% of nitrogen fertilizer during the corn flare period, and other management measures were consistent with the general management.
2. Results and analysis The fertility traits of different treatments were investigated. The results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Maize fertility table treatment Plant height (cm) Rod height (cm) Spike number Spike number 1000 grain weight (g)
N15 225 105 3850 345 256
N15P7.5 230 100 3790 355 260
N15K15 240 105 3800 390 287
P7.5K15 250 110 3780 395 276
N15P7.5K15 250 110 3800 395 290
It can be seen from the above table that the application of potassium fertilizer can effectively increase the biological yield of corn, increase the number of grains per spike, and increase the 1000-grain weight.
The results of the survey on the yield of different treatments are shown in Table 2:
Table 2 Corn Potassium Fertilizer Experiment Yield Table
Treatment Community yield kg Production kg/hm2 Input fertilizer depreciation yuan/hm2 Grain Gross income income/hm2 Income increase/decrease yuan/hm2%
I II III
N15 28.32 24.72 28.52 4972.5 425.7 7956.0 —
N15P7.5 28.42 24.96 26.70 5004.5 650.6 7981.2 25.2 0.003
N15K15 33.96 33.96 33.96 6367.5 736.1 10188.0 2232.0 28.1
P7.5K15 33.64 33.21 32.94 6177.0 535.5 9883.2 1927.2 24.2
N15P7.5K15 24.80 33.96 34.38 6442.5 961.1 10314.0 2358.0 29.6
Analysis of variance and multiple comparisons of the experimental results (see Tables 3 and 4) indicate that the differences between treatments are extremely significant.
Table 3 Corn yield variance analysis table variation source degree of freedom square sum mean square F value F0.05 F0.01
Treatment room 4 46.867 11.717 49.148** 3.838 7.006
Repeat room 2 1.340 0.670 2.810* 4.459 8.649
Error 8 1.907 0.238
Total variation 14 50.113

Table 4 Corn production multiple analysis comparison processing average value
5% 1%
N15P7.5K15 17.190 a A
N15K15 16.980 a A
P7.5K15 16.467 a A
N15P7.5 13.347 b B
N15 13.260 b B
From the comparison of the yields of the above experimental results, the following conclusions can be drawn:
(1) On the basis of the same phosphorus and potassium, the effect of nitrogen fertilizer is not significant, indicating that the supply of nitrogen fertilizer is sufficient.
(2) On the basis of the same nitrogen, the effect of phosphate fertilizer is not significant, indicating that the supply of phosphate fertilizer is sufficient.
(3) On the basis of the same potassium, the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and nitrogen and phosphorus were not significant, indicating that the supply of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil was sufficient.
(4) Potassium fertilizer effect is significant on the basis of nitrogen, phosphorus or nitrogen and phosphorus. It indicates that the supply of potash in this type of soil is insufficient, and potassium fertilizer should be reapplied.
From the economic efficiency analysis:
(1) It can be seen from Table 2 that the ratio of NK and NPK can effectively increase production and increase economic income, and increase income by 2232 yuan/hm2 and 2358 yuan/hm2, respectively, with an increase of 28.1% and 29.6%. Explain that the application of potassium fertilizer, the economic benefits are objective.
(2) The economic benefits obtained by investing one yuan per dollar on the same N: N15P7.5, N15P7.5K15 and N15K15 economic income are: 0.246, 4.406 and 7.192 respectively. It can be seen that the benefit of K is the highest, the PK ratio is the second, and the p is the lowest.
3. Conclusions From the analysis of experimental results, it is seen that the supply of N and P nutrients in this type of soil is sufficient, and K is the main limiting factor of this type of soil. Potash should be re-applied to further increase crop yield to obtain maximum economic benefits.

Zhao Meiling Bao Jihong Zhao Meihua

(1. Economic Management Station of Heluo Town, Laiyang City, Shandong Province 265200, 2. Laiyang Plant Protection Station 265200, 3. Laiyang City Seed Company 265200)

(China Agricultural Resources Network member contribution, please indicate the copyright)

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